Volume 13 | Issue 1

 Abstract

This study analyses the nature, extent and framing of development related news in small Hindi newspapers in India, situating the inquiry within the theoretical perspectives of development communication and development journalism. This research foregrounds the role of Small Hindi Newspapers as potential vehicles for articulating grassroots development concerns. Methodologically, the research employs content analysis of news stories, editorials and letters to the editor published in 38 small Hindi newspapers across 19 Indian states and union territories. Using Stempel's stratified sampling technique, twelve issues per newspaper were analysed over a one year period. The findings indicate that although development issues such as agriculture, health, education, infrastructure, livelihoods and local governance are present, their overall visibility remains limited. Development news constitutes approximately 17% of news stories, 10.64% of editorials and 7.78% of letters to the editor. The study concludes that while small Hindi newspapers have the potential to strengthen participatory communication and democratic accountability, their developmental role remains uneven and constrained.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Development Journalism, Development Communication, Small Hindi Newspapers, Local Development

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The SHG Movement in India has proved to be a boon in the empowerment of women in all the spheres of life. The SHG program is the biggest mass movement targeted to promote the microcredit, micro-savings, thrift, insurance, and pensions, etc. for all the rural and the urban poor by upgrading their lives in terms of the socio-economic aspect. The origin of SHGs began with the thought of organizing the people with similar financial backgrounds and identical needs to form and work in groups, as it is in their innate nature to work collectively by forming the small groups, actively participating, and interacting closely to achieve the common goals. The SHGs are a mini form of the cooperatives, thriving on the cooperative aspect, to pursue and accomplish the aim of economic betterment at the community level. The evidence substantiates that the rural and the urban women have been the major beneficiaries of these programs, helping them lead a self-reliant life. It is one of the biggest tools in the hands of the government to reach out to the target groups and realize the goals of financial inclusion where any other big or small financial bank or institution fails to meet the demand of the people. This paper investigates the causal relationship between the SHGs and the empowerment of women to help them regain and restore their position in the family. It is based on the comparative statistics, where the facts and figures relating to the number of SHGs in India, savings made by the participants of the SHGs, their deposits, their savings, and the credit advanced to them are furnished. The vicennial data, decadal data, and the annual data of the important years form the base, which are further analyzed to evaluate the performance of the SHGs in the context of women's empowerment in India. The SHGs enable them to generate their consciousness to a level where they strive hard to contemplate the desires into reality. The paper provides all the necessary and adequate information through the secondary data and sources to strengthen the information base of the readers in the background of the relationship mentioned above.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Micro-credit, Micro-finance, SHGs (Self Help Groups), Women Empowerment and Financial Inclusion

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive philosophical inquiry into the "essence" of religion, navigating the historical tension between substantive definitions and functional applications. In the contemporary landscape of 2026, characterized by global pluralism and the rise of post-theistic spiritualties, the study investigates whether a universal core of religion persists beyond cultural and doctrinal variations. Utilizing a phenomenological and hermeneutical methodology, the paper synthesizes classical Western perspectives--such as Rudolf Otto's "numinous" and Paul Tillich's "ultimate concern"--with the profound insights of Indian saint-philosophers, including Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, and Sant Kabir. The findings suggest that the essence of "true" religion transcends institutionalized dogma, manifesting instead as an internal realization of divinity and an expansion of consciousness. By analyzing the Indian concept of Dharma alongside Western existential inquiries, the research identifies five pillars of religious essence: direct realization, the distinction between spirituality and ritualism, experiential unity, the inseparability of morality from faith, and selfless service as a mode of worship. The study concludes that while the external forms of religion are diverse and evolving, its essence remains a constant human impulse toward "being and becoming," providing a vital framework for ethical living and universal harmony in a fragmented modern world.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Philosophy of Religion, Essence of Religion, Indian Saints, Ultimate Concern, Dharma, Phenomenology, Universalism, Spiritual Realization.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents a through examination of strikes within the framework of Labour law, shedding light on their definition and legal implications. As integral components of industrial relations, strikes are scrutinized from a legal perspective to illuminate their complexities and significance in contemporary Labour contexts. The study initiates by defining strikes within the ambit of Labour law, scrutinizing diverse legal definitions and classifications prevalent across jurisdictions. Furthermore, the paper navigates through the legal landscape governing strikes, emphasizing pertinent statutes, regulations, and judicial precedents. It underscores key provisions of Labour legislation, including the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, and the Trade Union Act, 1926.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

strike, Industrial disputes Act 1947,Trade union Act 1926, workers, employee,employer.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This study investigates the centre-wise and state-wise differences in motor abilities among adolescent basketball players aged 14 to 18 years enrolled in Sports Authority of India (SAI) training centres in Southern India. The motor abilities assessed include speed, agility, strength, endurance, and flexibility, which are critical components of athletic performance in basketball. A sample dataset of 320 players (160 males and 160 females) was simulated to match the intended population structure, with equal representation from eight SAI centres located in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. The study employed a descriptive and comparative research design using statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-tests to evaluate differences across states, genders, and age groups. The findings, based on the sample data, revealed meaningful variation in motor ability profiles across regions. For instance, Kerala players exhibited superior agility, while Karnataka athletes led in endurance and flexibility. Gender-wise analysis showed that males generally outperformed females in speed, strength, and endurance, whereas females demonstrated higher flexibility. Although the data used is simulated for methodological demonstration, the analysis effectively models how such an investigation can be structured, executed, and interpreted in real-world settings. The study highlights the importance of standardized training protocols and data-driven monitoring across SAI centres to ensure balanced development of athletic potential in young basketball players.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Motor Abilities, Basketball, Adolescents, SAI Centres, Speed, Agility, Strength, Endurance, Flexibility

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Clear cell carcinoma is highly invasive , occurring most commonly in endometrium or ovaries rarely in the cervix . This is a case report on this rare manifestation of cervical clear cell carcinoma.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Clear cell carcinoma of cervix

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mutual funds have emerged as a prominent investment avenue by pooling capital from multiple investors and allocating it across equity instruments, debt securities, or a combination of both in line with predefined objectives. This paper examines the performance trends of the Indian mutual fund sector, investor preferences, and the challenges confronting the industry. The analysis relies exclusively on secondary sources such as published studies, financial websites, and industry magazines. The findings indicate that the sector's growth has been supported by rising investor education, increased use of digital platforms, regulatory initiatives undertaken by SEBI, and the advantages of expert fund management and portfolio diversification.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mutual Funds, Asset Management Company, Portfolio Management

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder contributing significantly to global morbidity. Conventional management primarily offers symptomatic relief and is often associated with long-term dependency and adverse effects. Homoeopathy, through individualized constitutional treatment and the strategic use of intercurrent remedies as described by Dr. Stuart Close, aims to address deeper miasmatic predispositions and improve overall disease control. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of intercurrent remedies in the homoeopathic management of bronchial asthma and to assess improvement in patients' quality of life using the Asthma Control Test (ACT). Methods: This prospective experimental pilot study included 12 patients aged 15-45 years with pre-diagnosed uncontrolled bronchial asthma. Patients received individualized homoeopathic constitutional remedies along with intercurrent remedies when indicated. Follow-ups were conducted at 15-day intervals. Clinical outcomes were assessed using overall patient response and changes in ACT scores. Results: Of the 12 patients, 33.3% showed clinical improvement, 25% showed no significant change, 16.6% worsened, and 25% dropped out. ACT score analysis demonstrated that 4 patients achieved well-controlled asthma (ACT 20-25), while others remained in poorly or very poorly controlled categories. Tuberculinum was the most frequently prescribed intercurrent remedy, followed by Medorrinum and Psorinum. Conclusion: The study suggests that integrating intercurrent remedies with constitutional homoeopathic treatment may contribute to improved asthma control in selected cases. Although results are promising, larger randomized controlled studies are recommended to substantiate these findings.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bronchial asthma; Homoeopathy; Intercurrent remedies; Asthma Control Test (ACT); Nosodes; Stuart Close; Pilot study

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Candidiasis is a prevalent opportunistic fungal infection, commonly manifesting in women as vulvovaginal candidiasis. While modern medicine attributes its occurrence to fungal overgrowth and host susceptibility factors, Ayurveda explains such conditions through the interplay of do?ha, krimi, kaleda, and yonivyapada. A comprehensive understanding from the Ayurveda perspective is crucial for developing effective traditional therapeutic strategies. This review aims to critically examine classical Ayurveda texts and contemporary research that interpret candidiasis through Ayurveda principles, focusing on disease correlation, pathogenesis, and therapeutic approaches. A literary review was undertaken using classical sources along with published research articles accessed. Studies discussing the correlation between candidiasis and yonivyapada, as well as Ayurveda management strategies, were included. The literature consistently links candidiasis, particularly vulvovaginal candidiasis, with Kaphaja, Shlaishmiki, and Upapluta Yonivyapada. Key pathogenic factors identified include kapha-promoting diet, agnimandhya, accumulation of kleda, and krimi proliferation. Ayurveda management emphasizes krimighana, kapha-hara, and kleda-sho?ha?a interventions, with local therapies such as yoni prak?halana and yoni varti being central. Clinical evidence indicates substantial symptomatic improvement with minimal side effects. The association of vulvovaginal candidiasis with Kaphaja Yonivyapada is strongly supported by classical and contemporary literature. Localized therapies show promising therapeutic potential, underscoring the need for further standardized clinical studies to reinforce evidence-based application.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Yonivyapada, Kaphaja Yonivyapada, Ayurveda, Krimi, Sthanika Chikitsa, Yoni Varti

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Bhavprakash Nighantu, an ancient text in Ayurveda. That has described various drugs along with their therapeutic action on body, Mishrak gana is one of them. Mishrak itself means combination and Gana is group, i.e group of different drugs that are either same in morphology, action or targets specific body system. Chaturbeeja consist of four types of seeds viz; Fenugreek (methika), Garden cress (chandrashura), Kalonji (kala ajaji), Carom seeds (yavanika). This combination is very useful in bloating (adhamana), indigestion (ajeerna), dysmenorrhea (kasta artava), back pain (kati shoola). These drugs usually work through their rasa, guna, veerya, vipaka and prabhav. This article will further elaborate their action and other proven researches regarding efficacy and side effects.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Chaturbeeja, Mishrak Gana, Bhavprakash Nighantu

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of death globally. Majority of the stroke survivors are disabled and leads shows impact on Quality of Life (QOL). Understanding the QOL is crucial effective intervention and prevention. Aim: To assess the Quality of Life among stroke survivors Methods & Materials: A cross sectional descriptive design was used to assess the Quality of Life among 100 stroke survivors at Neuro OPD Apollo Hospitals, Telangana. The study participants were selected based on purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using modified five point Stroke Specific Quality of Life scale (SS-QOL) through self-administration method. Results and Findings: The results shows that out of 100 study participants 61% had good QOL, 37% had moderate QOL and 2% had poor QOL. Demographic variables such as Educational status and monthly income shows the significance at P<0.05. Conclusion: It is understood that majority of single lobe affected stroke survivors has good QOL and recommending that same kind of study can perform in multiple lobes affected patients for better understanding of QOL among stroke survivors.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Index Terms-Stroke Survivors, Quality of Life

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Indian English literature has consistently returned to agriculture as a key site for negotiating questions of survival, ethics, and socio-economic change. Traditionally symbolised by the plough, agrarian life in literary narratives foregrounds manual labour, ecological vulnerability, and cyclical temporality rooted in seasonal rhythms. In contemporary India, however, agriculture is increasingly reshaped by mechanisation, digital platforms, data-driven governance, and emerging applications of artificial intelligence. Aligned with the policy vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat, technological innovation is promoted as a pathway to agricultural self-reliance and sustainability. This paper examines how Indian English literary texts register and critically negotiate this transition from the plough to the platform. Through close textual analysis of canonical and contemporary works--including Kamala Markandaya's Nectar in a Sieve, R. K. Narayan's The Guide, Aravind Adiga's The White Tiger, Kiran Desai's The Inheritance of Loss, and eco-critical writings by Amitav Ghosh--the study analyses technology as both material intervention and symbolic force. It argues that Indian English literature articulates an ambivalent response to technological modernity: while acknowledging its potential for empowerment and connectivity, these narratives simultaneously express anxiety over ecological degradation, social displacement, and the erosion of indigenous knowledge systems. Situated within postcolonial and ecocritical frameworks, the paper demonstrates how literature functions as a critical space for imagining a technologically enabled yet ethically and ecologically grounded future for Indian agriculture.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Indian English Literature; Agriculture; Technology; Ecocriticism; Rural Transformation; Atmanirbhar Bharat

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition