Abstract

Globally construction industry is growing with fast-track projects, infrastructure and real estate. The construction industry has the largest no of injuries as compared to other industries Thus, reducing accidents and determining construction risks are extremely important. Metro construction is one of infra structure project of construction industries. Metro construction is of two types underground metro site and Elevated metro site. In underground metro, work performed below ground level where as in elevated metro work performed above ground level. Underground metro preferred where density of people and traffic congestion is high. Cost of underground metro is far greater than elevated metro. These days metro construction demand has been increased in cites due to increase of population & traffic congestion in cities. Elevated metro construction is challenging work due to work in middle of traffic, so high risk factor exists. Safety plays major role in the elevated metro construction work, various steps and documentation will be done for maintaining the safety in the elevated metro construction work to avoid the accident. Accidents degrade the market value of the company image, so safety plays an important role in the elevated metro construction project. One of the essential steps for elevated metro construction safety management is Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment, since the most unmanageable risks are from unidentified hazard. This study aims to prepare HIRA for most accident-prone activities in elevated metro construction work and provide it's control measures. To achieve this, aim several visits were done for identification of hazards and risks involved in it for major activities carried out at elevated metro station construction work at MML project, Mumbai. The outcome of the study of this study will help the organization in improving safety by adding those control measures in safety plans and will help in reducing accident rates Also, to increase knowledge of partners in elevated metro rail projects through training and awareness programs.

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Hazard identification, Risk Assessment, severity, likelihood, Risk rating.

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 Abstract

In today's dynamic business landscape, organizational change has become imperative for companies to remain competitive and adapt to evolving market demands.

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Leadership, Organizational Change, BPO Industry, Accenture,

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Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) play a significant role in shaping patient mental health outcomes, presenting complex challenges for healthcare providers. This review explores the multifaceted impact of DDIs on individuals with mental health disorders, encompassing altered drug efficacy, increased risk of adverse effects, drug-induced psychiatric symptoms, impaired cognitive function, exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms, non-compliance with medication regimens, and potential delays in diagnosis or treatment. Understanding the mechanisms underlying DDIs and their implications for psychiatric medication management is essential for optimizing treatment efficacy and minimizing adverse outcomes. Strategies for mitigating the risk of harmful interactions include close monitoring, informed medication selection, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the integration of pharmacogenetic testing and electronic health record systems. By addressing DDIs proactively, healthcare providers can enhance patient safety and improve mental health outcomes for individuals with psychiatric conditions.

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Drug-drug interaction Polypharmacy Mental health Psychiatric medication Adverse drug reactions Pharmacotherapy Medication management Treatment outcomes Psychological well-being Mental health disorders Antidepressants Anxiolytics Antipsychotics Mood stabilizers Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Patient safety Clinical implications Risk assessment Healthcare utilization

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In the competitive landscape of the cement industry, leveraging digital marketing strategies has become imperative for companies to increase sales and enhance customer satisfaction. This paper explores how UltraTech Cement, a leading player in the industry, can utilize digital marketing channels effectively to achieve these objectives. By employing targeted advertising, content marketing, social media engagement, and data analytics, UltraTech can reach its target audience more efficiently, create brand awareness, and influence purchasing decisions. Moreover, by implementing customer relationship management (CRM) systems and gathering feedback through digital platforms, UltraTech can better understand customer preferences and provide personalized experiences, thereby improving overall satisfaction levels. This abstract outlines the key digital marketing strategies that UltraTech Cement can adopt to drive sales growth and enhance customer loyalty in a dynamic and competitive market environment.

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UltraTech Cement, digital marketing, sales enhancement, customer satisfaction, targeted advertising, content marketing, social media engagement, data analytics, customer relationship management (CRM), personalized experiences.

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 Abstract

Domestic violence against women is a pervasive social issue in India, deeply rooted in cultural norms, gender inequalities, and systemic barriers. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the social and legal dimensions of domestic violence against women in India. This study examines the societal context that perpetuates domestic violence, including patriarchal structures, cultural beliefs, and economic disparities. It explores how these factors contribute to the normalization and perpetuation of violence within intimate relationships, leading to the marginalization and suffering of women. The study analyzes the legal framework addressing domestic violence in India, with a focus on the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA) enacted in 2005. It assesses the effectiveness of legal mechanisms in providing protection, justice, and support to victims of domestic violence, while also identifying gaps and challenges in the implementation and enforcement of these laws. This research work also explores the impact of domestic violence on women's physical and psychological well-being, their socio-economic status, and their ability to access resources and support services. It also highlights the intergenerational cycle of violence and its implications for future generations. Through a multidisciplinary approach, combining insights from sociology, law, psychology, and gender studies, this study seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of domestic violence against women in India. By shedding light on the complex interplay of social, cultural, and legal factors, it aims to inform policy interventions, advocacy efforts, and community-based initiatives aimed at preventing and addressing this pervasive form of gender-based violence. Ultimately, the study advocates for a holistic approach that addresses both the structural inequalities and individual empowerment strategies to combat domestic violence and promote gender equality in Indian society.

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domestic violence against women, sexual assault, dowry death, constitutional provision, cruelty, inequality

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 Abstract

Curved composite concrete-steel I-girder bridges provide an exceptional solution to the problems of urban congestion, traffic, and pollution, but their behavior is quite complex due to the coupled bending and torsion response of the bridges. Moreover, dynamic behavior of curved bridges further complicates the problem. The majority of curved bridges today are designed using complex analytical methods; therefore, a strong need exists for simplified design methods in the form of empirical equations for the structural design parameters. In this paper, a sensitivity study is conducted to examine the effect of various design parameters on the free-vibration response of curved composite concrete-steel I-girder bridges. In order to determine their fundamental frequency and corresponding mode shapes, an extensive parametric study is conducted on 336 straight and curved bridges. ABAQUS software package was employed to carry out the numerical simulation for the considered bridges in order to obtain the fundamental frequencies. From the results of the parametric study, simple-to-use equations are developed to predict the fundamental frequency of curved composite concrete-steel I-girder bridges. It is shown that the developed equations are equally applicable to curved composite steel I-girder bridges of simple span or multi-spans with equal span lengths

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ABAQUS software Composite bridge Curved bridges Free-vibration I-girders Numerical analysis

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Health Information Technology (HIT) is recognized as a pivotal tool for advancing the quality and safety of healthcare delivery. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of literature to evaluate the influence of HIT on healthcare quality and patient safety. The analysis covers diverse dimensions, including Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), telemedicine, and patient portals. Furthermore, the abstract examines the challenges and opportunities accompanying the adoption and integration of HIT in healthcare settings. Through the synthesis of contemporary research findings, this paper offers insights into the efficacy of HIT interventions in augmenting healthcare quality and patient safety. Such insights are invaluable for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and technology developers in making informed decisions regarding HIT implementation and utilization.

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Research paper

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The aim of this project is to measure the safety performance at a construction inductry by calculating the frequency rate and severity rate and evaluating the activities using risk assessment to improve safety by providing possible control measures at the workplace. Walk-around inspections were conducted on a construction site; the hazards associated with activities, the percentage of occurrences of activities, and accident statistics data were recorded. Using the Indian standard 3786, the frequency rate and severity rate were estimated. From the risk assessment result, work at height. De-shuttering and dismantling, excavation, concreting, vehicle movement, lifting, erection, traffic management, work at height, blasting, hot work, and scaffolding activities were found to be severe. Possible control measures were suggested and put into practice.

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SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN A CONSTRUCTION ,HSE,SAFETY

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The research explores the current customer satisfaction landscape for MP Birla Cement, identifying key areas for improvement. It then examines how digital marketing tactics can be employed to: Increase brand awareness and product knowledge among target audiences in Greater Noida and throughout India. Drive customer engagement through interactive online channels. Collect valuable customer feedback to improve product offerings and services. Implement targeted advertising campaigns to reach potential customers at the right time with the right message. By focusing on customer satisfaction and strategically utilizing digital marketing tools, MP Birla Cement can build stronger customer relationships, enhance brand loyalty, and ultimately drive significant sales growth.

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MP Birla Cement, Customer Satisfaction, Digital Marketing, Sales Growth, Brand Awareness, Customer Engagement

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This research paper is all about that how ev vehicle's are playing their role in green supply chain

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Green supply chain, ev vehicle's, sustainable supply chain

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Abstract: In today's increasingly specialized B2B landscape, effective marketing strategies are crucial for achieving a competitive advantage. This thesis explores the impact of B2B marketing on the company performance of Reader's Club.The research examines how B2B marketing bridges the gap between Reader's Club and its end user clients. It analysis how factors like rapid technological advancements, demographic shifts, and globalization necessitate adjustments in B2B marketing strategies, including technology adoption and electronic data interchange (EDI). The growing role of ecommerce is investigat ed, emphasizing its impact on not only delivery logistics but also business process design. The thesis delves into the internet's transformative role in B2B marketing, highlighting how it has fundamentally altered companies' market approaches and overall performance by shrinking geographical and cultural boundaries. It explores how Reader's Club can leverage B2B marketing to fulfill customer expectations, recognizing the interdependence between B2B marketing performance and company success (as emphasized by Lambert et al., 1996; Womack & Jones, 1996). The research underscores the importance of ensuring a smooth flow of information within Reader's Club, achieved through robust technological infrastructure. It emphasizes the need for a wellcoupled with employee support, as achie defined business strategy ving strategic goals hinges on these elements. By analyzing the positive influence of B2B marketing on company success, the thesis highlights the need for Reader's Club to establish clear criteria and verification methods to monitor and assess B2B marketin g performance. It acknowledges the multifaceted nature of performance impact, influenced by technological support, staff attitudes, the quality of B2B marketing activities, and the overall business strategy formulated by Reader's Club management in collaboration with its em ployees.

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Impact of marketing, B2B marketing, Company performance

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 Abstract

The purpose of this study is to study and forecast the crude oil prices in India using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model of time series analysis. The report tables, charts, and ARIMA model are used to forecast the prices of crude oil in India. Also, in this study we have forecasted crude oil prices and BSE oil & Gas index accuracy of model is found to be 90% The forecast will help investors to take early bird decisions & help to make necessary strategies & planning of business.

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ARIMA, Crude Oil, Forecasting, BSE Oil & Gas Index

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Today consumers hold a rational behavior towards their purchasing Preferences and access to a Vast library of online reviews and ratings has turned Into a great tool to support their decision Making process. The study focuses to Ascertain the impact of online product reviews on Consumer buying intention. The Paper broadly identifies the importance of online reviews, Trustworthiness of Reviews in respect to credibility of review platform, kind of reviews preferred By Consumers, difference in behavior of high involvement consumers and low Involvement Consumers towards reviews and consumer choices towards writing Reviews. In order to address These variables an online survey in format of Questionnaire was conducted and the collected data Has been analyzed with the Help of statistical tools of MS Excel . Results suggest That high involvement consumers prefer qualitative reviews whereas low Involvement consumers prefer both qualitative and quantitative reviews. People Who often shop Online consider online reviews more important in comparison to Those who are less inclined Towards online shopping. People with greater Experience at utilizing online product reviews are More comfortable with the Trustworthiness of these reviews. Furthermore, consumers prefer to Write online Reviews after a negative product experience over writing after a positive product Experience. Customers prefer the retailing sites the most out of other sources to Check online Reviews. The visibility of review author's identity on the review Platform significantly or Positively affects the authenticity of a review perceived by The consumers. The findings Underline the significance, credibility and usefulness online product reviews along with Consumer reliance in kind of reviews as input In the decision making process.

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Decision making , Trustworthiness, Comparison

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 Abstract

This study delves into the intricate relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the service sector and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) across three diverse economies: India, China, and the USA. The primary objectives of this research are threefold: firstly, to analyze the correlation between FDI inflows into the service sector and GDP growth rates; secondly, to identify and evaluate the key determinants influencing GDP in these economies; and thirdly, to employ Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modeling techniques for forecasting GDP trends. The analysis begins by examining the historical data of FDI inflows in the service sector and corresponding GDP growth rates over a significant time period. By employing statistical methods such as correlation analysis and regression modeling, the study uncovers the nature and strength of the relationship between FDI and GDP. Furthermore, the research evaluates the key determinants of GDP growth in India, China, and the USA, considering factors such as investment climate, infrastructure development, technological advancements, human capital, and policy frameworks. Through comparative analysis, the study highlights the unique characteristics and challenges faced by each economy in driving GDP growth. In addition to understanding the determinants, this study utilizes ARIMA modeling to forecast GDP trends in the three economies. By analyzing historical GDP data and employing time-series forecasting techniques, the research aims to provide insights into future economic performance, considering the impact of FDI in the service sector and other macroeconomic factors. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between FDI in the service sector, GDP growth, and the underlying determinants shaping economic performance in India, China, and the USA. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and analysts, facilitating informed decision-making and strategic planning in the context of global economic dynamics.

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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), service sector, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), correlation analysis, regression modeling, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), investment climate, infrastructure development, technological advancements, human capital, policy frameworks, comparative analysis, time-series forecasting, macroeconomic factors, policymakers, investors, analysts

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 Abstract

Electronic medical records (EMRs) have become an essential component of modern healthcare systems, providing efficient access to patient information and improving the quality of care. However, the increased digitization of medical records also poses significant security risks, as these records contain sensitive and confidential information that must be safeguarded against unauthorized access and cyber threats. This study aims to evaluate the strategies employed by different multi-specialty hospitals for safeguarding electronic medical records. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the key challenges and best practices in EMR security. Additionally, interviews were conducted with IT professionals and healthcare administrators from multiple multi-specialty hospitals to gather insights into their current security measures and strategies. The findings of this study highlight the importance of implementing a multi-layered approach to EMR security, including encryption, access controls, regular audits, employee training, and disaster recovery plans. Furthermore, the study identifies common vulnerabilities in EMR systems and provides recommendations for improving security measures in multi-specialty hospitals. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the current state of EMR security in multi-specialty hospitals and offers practical recommendations for enhancing the protection of electronic medical records against potential threats.

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,Electronic Medical Records (EMRs), Safeguarding Strategies, Multi-Specialty Hospitals, Data Security, Privacy Protection, Health Information Technology, Cybersecurity Measures, Risk Management, Compliance Standards, Access Control, Encryption Techniques, Audit Trails, Incident Response, Healthcare Information Systems, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Information Governance, Data Breach Prevention, Patient Confidentiality, Regulatory Requirements, Healthcare Data Protection

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 Abstract

hospitals are an important aspect of society having the tremendous responsibility to promote the health of the community it serves. In a private set up where the patient is paying for all the services offered, all care is taken to satisfy patients' needs and expectations.

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Promote health: Hospitals go beyond treating illnesses. They work to prevent them through education, screenings, and community outreach programs. Provide care: They offer a wide range of medical services, from emergency care to specialized treatments for complex conditions. Private Hospitals and Patient Satisfaction: Financial responsibility: In private hospitals, patients often pay directly for the services they receive. Focus on satisfaction: Since patients are the customers, there's a g

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Evaluating the impact of tele-pharmacy and digital platforms on medication consultations and patient care. It aims to assess the effectiveness of these technologies in improving patient outcomes, enhancing access to healthcare services, and increasing medication adherence. The research will analyze the benefits and challenges of tele-pharmacy and digital platforms in the context of medication consultations and patient care to provide valuable insights into their role in modern healthcare delivery. This study examines how tele-pharmacy and digital platforms can improve medication consultations and patient care. It will explore the advantages and limitations of these technologies in enhancing patient outcomes, increasing access to healthcare services, and promoting medication adherence. The research aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of tele-pharmacy and digital platforms in modern healthcare delivery. The study will also investigate the potential cost savings associated with tele-pharmacy and digital platforms compared to traditional in-person consultations. It will analyze patient satisfaction levels, healthcare provider perspectives, and regulatory considerations related to the implementation of tele-pharmacy services. Additionally, the research will explore the role of tele-pharmacy in managing chronic conditions, providing medication therapy management, and facilitating medication reconciliation. By examining the impact of tele-pharmacy and digital platforms on medication consultations and patient care, this study seeks to contribute to the growing body of literature on telehealth and digital health technologies in pharmacy practice. The findings may have implications for healthcare policy, practice guidelines, and future research directions in the field of Tele-pharmacy. Furthermore, the study will explore the potential barriers and challenges associated with implementing tele-pharmacy services, such as technological limitations, regulatory restrictions, and reimbursement issues. It will also investigate the training and education needs for pharmacists and other healthcare providers to effectively utilize tele-pharmacy platforms and ensure high-quality patient care. The research will aim to provide insights into the effectiveness of tele-pharmacy in improving medication adherence, reducing medication errors, and enhancing patient outcomes. By evaluating the impact of tele-pharmacy on healthcare access and equity, the study may also shed light on how tele-pharmacy can address disparities in healthcare delivery and improve health outcomes for underserved populations. Overall, this study aims to generate evidence-based recommendations for integrating tele-pharmacy services into pharmacy practice and optimizing the use of digital platforms to enhance medication consultations and patient care. The findings may inform policymakers, healthcare organizations, and pharmacy professionals on best practices for leveraging tele-pharmacy technologies to improve medication management and promote better health outcomes for patients.

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Tele-pharmacy, Digital platforms, Medication consultations, Patient care, Impact evaluation, Healthcare technology, Remote pharmacy services, Telemedicine, Pharmaceutical services, Health outcomes

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 Abstract

The Indian healthcare system is experiencing a period of remarkable growth. New hospitals are being built, medical technology is advancing, and access to care is expanding. However, amidst this progress, a crucial question remains: how can India ensure consistent delivery of high-quality healthcare across its diverse population? This is where Total Quality Management (TQM) emerges as a potential solution. TQM is a holistic approach to organizational management that emphasizes continuous improvement, customer focus, and data-driven decision making. By integrating these principles, hospitals can strive to deliver efficient, effective, and patient-centered care. The Promise of TQM: o Standardized Practices: TQM promotes standardized processes and protocols, ensuring consistent quality care across different healthcare settings. o Data-Driven Decisions: TQM emphasizes data analysis to identify areas for improvement and track progress over time. o Patient-Centric Focus: TQM prioritizes patient satisfaction, leading to improved patient engagement and communication. o Employee Empowerment: TQM fosters a culture of continuous improvement, encouraging employee participation in quality enhancement initiatives. However, successful TQM implementation requires careful consideration of the Indian healthcare context. Factors like resource constraints, cultural nuances, and existing quality management practices need to be addressed. Exploring the Potential: This paper investigates the potential of TQM in the Indian healthcare system. By analyzing global best practices and the current state of quality management in Indian hospitals, we aim to: o Identify opportunities for TQM implementation. o Develop a framework for adapting TQM to the Indian context. o Address potential challenges and propose strategies for successful adoption. Through this exploration, we hope to contribute to the ongoing quest for a patient-centered, efficient, and continuously improving healthcare system in India. This research paper investigates the integration of Total Quality Management (TQM) principles within the Indian healthcare system to address the growing demand for enhanced services amidst evolving demographics. By analyzing quality management strategies, performance metrics, and resource allocation practices, the study examines the potential impact of TQM on patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and service quality. Drawing insights from successful TQM implementations globally, the research identifies best practices and challenges specific to the Indian healthcare context. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and literature reviews, the paper provides a nuanced understanding of current practices and adaptable strategies for TQM implementation in Indian hospitals. The findings underscore the importance of leadership commitment, patient-centered care, and data-driven decision-making in fostering a culture of quality improvement. This research paper presents a study on assessing health service quality at a private hospital using the SERVQUAL questionnaire method. Through a comprehensive analysis of patient perceptions and satisfaction levels, the study aimed to provide insights into the quality of healthcare services delivered by the hospital. A total of patients participated in the study, 150 providing feedback on various aspects of service delivery, including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The findings revealed a high level of patient satisfaction (89.12%) and positive ratings for various hospital factors (76.74%), highlighting the hospital's success in meeting patient expectations and delivering quality healthcare services. However, several limitations were identified, including sample size constraints and the lack of control variables. Despite these limitations, the study contributes valuable insights into healthcare quality assessment and provides recommendations for improving service quality and patient satisfaction in healthcare settings. Future research could explore the impact of additional factors on patient perceptions and further enhance our understanding of healthcare quality assessment. Ultimately, the paper advocates for the widespread adoption of TQM principles to elevate the quality of healthcare delivery in India, thereby ensuring better patient outcomes and operational efficiency in the face of evolving healthcare demands.

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Key words: Total Quality Management (TQM) Indian healthcare system Performance metrics Resource allocation Operational efficiency Service quality Leadership commitment Patient-centered care Data-driven decision-making

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This research works aims to study and develop herbal tablets using Kalanchoe pinnata extract, exploring its potential as a natural remedy for various health conditions. Kalanchoe pinnata, commonly known as cathedral bells or life plant, is a succulent herb with ethnomedical applications, including its purported anticancer properties, along with its potential application in treating urinary stone along with Butea monosperma as an active ingredients. The study will involve the formulation of tablets using different concentrations of Kalanchoe pinnata extract and excipients, followed by optimisation of the formulation for enhanced efficacy and stability. The tablets will be evaluated for various pharmaceutical parameters such as: hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution profile. Additionally, the bioactive components present in the tablets will be analysed using appropriate analytical techniques. The research findings will provide valuable insights into the development of optimised herbal tablets from Kalanchoe pinnata extract for potential therapeutic applications.

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bioactive components, evaluation, tablet formulation, herbal tablets, Kalanchoe pinnata, Optimisation, renal therapeutics.

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Heart disease is one of the most common global health problems. Early detection is essential for effective treatment and management. However, current diagnostic methods often suffer from inaccuracy and time-to-effect. In this paper, we propose a robust and accurate heart disease diagnosis system based on the principles of machine learning. We explore the use of classification algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, Random Forest, etc. To improve the accuracy of the diagnosis, we introduce the hybrid algorithm by combining these approaches. We evaluate performance using standard metrics. We use feature selection algorithms to improve the performance of classifiers. The developed system is built using the Flask framework. It has a simple web interface where you can input data and get diagnostic predictions. The system also provides dietary recommendations for people diagnosed with heart disease. This paper contributes to the advancement of healthcare technology. It provides a robust and easy-to-use solution for diagnosing heart disease, which may improve patient outcomes and improve healthcare delivery efficiency.

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Heart disease prediction, Heart Disease Diagnosis, Cardiac Heart Diet Chart, Hybrid machine learning.

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 Abstract

Introduction: The physical and physiological changes that occur in adolescents, place a great demand on their nutritional requirements and make them more vulnerable to anemia. Anemia in the adolescence causes reduced physical and mental capacity and diminished concentration in work and educational performance, and also possess a major threat to future safe motherhood in girls.Aim: The study aims to assess the level of knowledge regarding anemia among adolescents.Explore the effects of Structured Teaching Program on knowledge regarding anemia among adolescents.To determine the factors which are affecting the knowledge of adolescents regarding anemia. Methods and Material Quantitative evaluative research approach and pre experimental design was used to assess the existing knowledge of adolescents regarding anemia. Pre-test was taken by using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Video Assisted Teaching Program was administered and post - test was conducted with the same structured knowledge questionnaire. The collected data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Description of knowledge scores before and after the administration of Structured Teaching Program is: Adolescents scored 78% as average, 18% poor and 4% good in pre test, and 64% average and 36% good in post test. Since tcal> ttabat df 99 and p<0.001, hence null hypothesis was rejected at 99% level of significance. These findings showed that structured teaching was effective in increasing the knowledge of the adolescents. Association between the knowledge of adolescents with the selected demographic variables showed that since the calculated Chi-square(??)value is greater than the table value; and p value was less than 1%(p<0.001), hence, null hypothesis was rejected accepting the alternate hypothesis which established a significant association between the level of knowledge and the demographic variables.

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Assess, Knowledge, Effectiveness, Anemia, Structured teaching program, Adolescent

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INTRODUCTION Adolescence is like a bridge between childhood and adulthood, during which the individual is gaining further physical maturity, further education, and training that will enable him/her to fulfil a useful role in adult society. Mobile phones and the connectivity they provide have become a part of everyday life. In recent years, mobile phone use, in particular communication by text messaging has dramatically increased in prevalence and popularity across the world. Effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding use of mobile phones and driving safety among adolescents of selected college. In view of the nature of the problem under study and to accomplish the objectives of the study, evaluative approach was found to be appropriate to describe the knowledge on use of mobile phone and driving safety among adolescents. In this study, study design was used quasi experimental, one group pre-test and post-test. The study was conducted from selected college. METHODOLOGY: In the present study, pre-experimental one group pre-test, post-test research design was used. Total 100 early adolescent girls sample were selected by Probability simple random sampling technique as per the inclusion criteria. Structured Knowledge Questionnaire was used to evaluate the knowledge in this study. FINDING: The comparisons of pre-test and post-test means of knowledge regarding use of mobile phones and driving safety among adolescents of selected college were done by the paired t test. The test was conducted at 5% level of significance. The pre-test average score was 10.51 with standard deviation of 3.10. The post-test average score was 14.38 with standard deviation of 1.30. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 12.85 with p value 0.00. The p value is less than 0.05, hence null hypothesis is rejected. That means there is significant difference in pre and post-test knowledge score. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that the structured teaching program on knowledge regarding use of mobile phones and driving safety is effective.

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mobile phone, structure teaching program, driving safety,

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Torture was quickly recognised as a human rights issue that belonged in the core human rights standards created following World War II, along with slavery, fundamental freedoms, and many due process issues. One of the most egregious abuses of a person's basic human rights is torture. It has profound consequences on family and community and ruins one's sense of dignity, body, and mind. According to international law and the UN Convention against Torture, everyone has the fundamental and universal right to be free from torture. The term "police brutality" is sometimes used to refer to various human rights violations by police. This might include beatings, racial abuse, unlawful killings, torture, or indiscriminate use of riot control agents at protests. Hence, it must be considered as falling inside the range of offences for which the defendant may be extradited in accordance with Article 8. The UN approved the Torture Convention in 1984, criminalizing torture as well as collaboration and participation in it. It also established a complex structure of universal criminal jurisdiction intended to eliminate any potential havens for torture. Torture has been used in criminal proceedings since the dawn of civilization.

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Key word: Torture, Human rights, United Nations, Police Brutality.

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The You Only Look Once (YOLO) model, is one of the deep learning techniques that this research article explores using to detect Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Given that workplace safety is a top priority for many different businesses, it is crucial to promptly identify hazards and follow PPE guidelines. Conventional approaches to PPE detection are frequently non-scalable and involve human interaction. Deep learning algorithms, on the other hand, provide automated and effective solutions for this problem. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are the foundation of the YOLO model, which has proven to perform remarkably well in object detection tasks and is therefore a good choice for PPE detection. This work investigates the design and execution of a YOLO-based PPE detection system, taking use of its capacity to concurrently identify several PPE objects in real-time. By testing and assessing, the suggested approach's accuracy and efficacy are evaluated, offering insights into its possible integration with safety management systems and practical practicality. The results of this study enable automated PPE detection, which lowers the danger of occupational risks and fosters a better working environment.

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Keywords-- PPE detection, Machine learning, Construction site, CNN, Deep Learning, YOLO. NOMENCLATURE CNN - Convolutional Neural Network. YOLO - You Only Look Once.

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Ensuring a robust safety culture is paramount within industrial environments to mitigate accidents and promote a secure working atmosphere. This research endeavours to bridge the gap between safety theory and practical implementation by presenting the "Evaluate of Project Safety Culture by Developing and Monitoring Questionnaire" (EPSCDAMQ). E is a novel, technologically advanced solution designed to assess safety culture in real-time, allowing organizations to identify potential risks promptly and implement timely interventions. This project delves into the intricacies of safety culture evaluation, focusing on key factors such as employee attitudes, management commitment, communication protocols, and adherence to safety procedures. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies, including IoT sensors, data analytics, and machine learning algorithms, EPSCDAMQ captures real-time data from the workplace environment. The tool analyses this data instantaneously, providing actionable insights to improve safety protocols. The research methodology includes the development of EPSCDAMQ through iterative prototyping and rigorous testing in diverse industrial settings. Comparative analyses are conducted between traditional safety assessment methods and the real-time approach proposed in this study. The results demonstrate the superiority of EPSCDAMQ in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and immediacy, thereby revolutionizing how safety culture is evaluated within industrial contexts. The implications of this research are profound, offering industries a proactive means to enhance safety cultures, reduce accidents, and foster a secure workplace environment. Furthermore, EPSCDAMQ serves as a foundation for future advancements in real-time safety evaluation methodologies, paving the way for safer workplaces globally. This project deals with the study of different activities involved in the Edible oil Refinery Construction project located at Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. Understanding the safety requirements that needs to be followed while doing the construction activities. I will develop an assessment sheet to cross check and benchmark the compliance level at regular intervals. This will be a quantitative assessment & outcomes from this assessment will give the compliance trend on regular intervals. Considering the compliance level (i.e. score), periodicity of the assessment can be decided by the respective organization. As an ideal practice this assessment shall be carried out on an interval of every month.

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Construction Hazards, Unsafe act, Unsafe condition, Imminent Danger

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The objectives of the study were to assess the glycemic level of male and female diabetic patients, assess the Health Related Quality of Life of male and female diabetic patients,compare the level of glycemic control among male and female diabetic patients,compare the HRQOL among male and female diabetic patients, find the association between glycemic control and selected sociodemographic variables among male patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,find the association between glycemic control and selected sociodemographic variables among female patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,find the association between HRQOL and selected sociodemographic variables among male patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and find the association between HRQOL and selected sociodemographic variables among female patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The design was descriptive comparative. 180 diabetic patients (90 males and 90 females) were selected using convenience sampling. Tools used were structured questionnaires to collect socio demographic variables and clinical profile and QOLID was used to assess the HRQOL. The glycemic control and HRQOL of male and female diabetic patients were compared. In the present study there was statistically significant association between glycemic control and selected sociodemographic variables such as age among male diabetic patients. There was a statistically significant association between Health Related Quality of Life and selected sociodemographic variables such as marital status, hours of sleep, age of onset of DM, type of diabetic medications and diabetic complication among male diabetic patients and age, education, occupation, monthly income, hours of sleep, age of onset of DM, family history of DM, type of diabetic medications and diabetic complication among female patients. Based on the study findings the following conclusions were derived: Male diabetic patients had a better glycemic control and HRQOL when compared to female diabetic patients.

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Diabetes Mellitus; Glycemic control; Health Related Quality of Life

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RESEARCH ABSTRACT A quasi experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on withdrawal symptoms among alcohol dependents in selected de-addiction centres Meerut Alcoholism is an illness characterized by significant impairment in physiological, psychological or social functioning of the individual. There have always been people who were unable to restrict their use of mind and body altering substances to culturally prescribed limits, and who have fallen into the trap we know today as addiction. People who become addicted to alcohol gradually introduced and desensitized to them over a period of time. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY: 1. To assess the level of withdrawal symptoms among alcohol dependent in control group and experimental group. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on withdrawal symptoms among alcohol dependent patient in experimental group. 3. To compare the post test score of effectiveness of aerobic exercise on withdrawal symptoms among alcohol dependent patient in experimental group and control group. 4. To find out association between the post test score on level of withdrawal symptoms among alcohol dependent in experimental group with their selected demographic variable. Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted on 40 de-addiction patients, 20 in experimental group and 20 in control group selected by purposive sampling technique having kept the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic variables and CIWA-Ar Scale were used to collect the data applying one group pre-test and post-test design. Major findings of the study: In this study data depicts that in experimental group 3 patient had absence of withdrawal symptoms, 13 patients had medium level of withdrawal symptoms and 4 patients had high level of withdrawal symptoms. But in post test no patient had alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The mean post test score (2.9) was significantly lower than mean pre-test score (6.15) with the mean difference of 3.25. The standard deviation pre-test (5.843) and post test (3.606). The obtained paired calculated t value was 5.285 which was higher than tabulated value 2.093 at 0.05 level of significance. Thus decrease in mean post test score explains that the aerobic exercise is effective in decreasing the withdrawal symptoms of the alcohol dependent patient in experimental group. The mean post test score (1.15) is significantly lower than mean pre test score (4.5) with mean difference of 3.35. The standard deviation pre test (4.387) and post test (3.244). The obtained paired calculated t value was 2.06 which is higher than the table value 2.093 at 0.05 level of significance. In the experimental post test mean score 2.9 is significantly higher than the post test mean score 1.15 of the control group with the mean difference of 1.75, the SD was 3.606 in experimental group and 3.244 in control group. The obtained unpaired t test value was significantly higher i.e2.134 than the tabulated value which was 1.684 at df 38 at 0.05 level of significance. There was significant association between post test score with the selected demographic variables (age, gender, weight, educational qualification, type of family, duration of consumption etc.) at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion: The study could conclude that aerobic exercise was effective in decreasing alcohol withdrawal symptoms of alcohol dependent patient

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aerobic exercise,withdrawal symptoms ,alcohol dependents i,de-addiction centres

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Sustainable Fashion and Consumer Buying Behavior The fashion industry has a substantial environmental footprint and is responsible for high levels of greenhouse gas emissions, water and air pollution, textile waste, and ecological degradation. With growing public awareness around sustainability issues, there is increasing demand from consumers for more environmentally-friendly clothing options. However, the widespread adoption of sustainable fashion remains a challenge. This research aims to explore the key factors influencing consumer buying behavior and purchase intentions towards sustainable fashion products. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining a comprehensive literature review with empirical data collected through surveys and focus groups. Over 50 scholarly sources were reviewed to synthesize existing research on sustainable consumer behavior, ethical consumerism, and the motivations and barriers surrounding sustainable fashion purchases. An online survey was administered to 625 respondents across theBangalore, examining variables such as environmental knowledge, pricing, brand trust, product quality, and style preferences. This quantitative data was complemented by insights from four focus groups held in Bangalore. The findings reveal that while environmental concern is a significant motivator, practical factors like quality, price, brand reputation, and fashion trends play an even larger role in swaying purchasing decisions for sustainable apparel. Consumers desire sustainably made clothing but are often unwilling to compromise on other key attributes. The research highlights opportunities for fashion brands to enhance their sustainability credibility and develop effective marketing strategies. Key implications for retailers, policymakers, and consumer education initiatives are also discussed.

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Sustainable fashion, Ethical apparel consumption, Consumer purchasing behavior, Environmental attitudes, Pricing sensitivity, Style motivations, Fashion consciousness, Brand trust, Product availability, Attitude-behavior gap, Purchase intentions, Apparel industry sustainability, Consumer barriers, Consumer motivations, India market, Qualitative analysis, Quantitative analysis, Focus groups, Structural equation modeling, Cluster analysis, Grounded theory, Mixed-methods research.

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Introduction This pre - test post - test study aims to evaluate the effect of a therapeutic exercise program on blood glucose levels in individuals suffering from Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2). The earlier studies were limited to a particular exercise regimen or a single blood glucose parameter. There is no evidence of the effect of exercise on cognitive function in young adults with DM2. Methods/Design: This is a pre-test post - test design that will enrol 30 adult male participants diagnosed with DM2 of age 35 to 55 years. The outcome measures assessed will include Fasting Blood Glucose (mmol/L), Fasting Blood Glucose (mg/dL), HbA1c (%) and Mean Plasma Glucose (MPG) Estimate. The data will be collected and results will be analyzed. Discussion: The results of this pre - test post - test study will provide novel data to indicate whether a structured therapeutic exercise improves the blood glucose levels in individuals suffering from DM2.

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Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Therapeutic Exercise Protol, Blood Glucose Parameters

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Cashless society describes the economic situation in which financial transactions are made through the transfer of digital information (usually expressed in electronic money) between participants in the transaction, rather than through cash in the form of banknotes or physical coins. A cashless society existed on the basis of exchanges and other forms of exchange, and digital currencies such as bitcoin made cashless transactions possible. However, this article explains the term "cashless society" in the sense that digital counterparts go to a society that replaces cash, that is, legal tender (money). They are exchanged only in digital form.

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India, cashless economy, approach

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A descriptive study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia and utilization of adolescent health services under RMNCH+A among adolescent girls at selected coastal areas of Kollam district. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of anemia and utilization of Adolescent Health Services under RMNCH+A among adolescent girls at selected coastal areas of Kollam district, to find correlation between prevalence of anemia and utilization of Adolescent Health Services under RMNCH+A among adolescent girls at selected coastal areas of Kollam district, to find the association between prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls and selected demographic variables, to find the association between utilization of Adolescent Health Services under RMNCH+ A among adolescent girls and selected demographic variables. Quantitative research approach was used with descriptive design in this study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select the 100 samples. Hemoglobin estimation was done by laboratory method and checklist provided for assessing utilization of adolescent health services. The findings of the study showed that prevalence rate of anemia was 75% and 63% of samples reported moderate utilization. The findings showed that there was moderate positive correlation between prevalence of anemia and utilization of adolescent health services with calculated 'r' value of 0.44. There was a significant association between source of information regarding adolescent health services and prevalence of anemia and there was a significant association between demographic variable education of father and utilization of adolescent health services.

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Prevalence; Anemia; Utilization of adolescent health services; RMNCH+A; Adolescent girls; Coastal areas of Kollam district.

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Asthma is one of the common diseases. Asthma was a term used by the ancient Greeks to describe any condition that causes shortness of breath. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways associated with increased airway hyper-responsiveness, recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night/early morning.

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Occupational exposures constitute a common risk factor for adult asthma.

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विश्व जनसंख्या दिवस थीम :- “ एक ऐसी दुनियां की कल्पना करें जहां हममें से सभी 8 अरब लोगो का भविष्य आशाओ और संभावना से भरपूर हो ’’ छत्तीसगढ एक समृद्ध राज्य है प्रदेश तीव्र गति से आर्थिक विकास करता एक गतिशील राज्य है । अनेक प्रकार के खनिज सम्पदा से बहुल क्षेत्र जिससे आधारित अनेक उद्योग संयंत्र के निर्माण तथा औद्योगिक प्रदेश की पहचान बनते जा रहा है । प्रदेश कृषि उत्पादन में परम्परागत कृषि के स्थान पर आधुनिक कृषि की ओर बढ़ता जा रहा है जिसका परिणाम से राज्य में अनेक रोजगार के साधनो सृजन ,निर्माण कार्यो में वृध्दि से एक तरफ रोजगार के अनेक अवसर प्राप्त हो रहा है । दूसरी तरफ आर्थिक आकर्षण के कारण दूसरे राज्यो से लोगो का आगमन सें तथा नगरीकरण में वृध्दि सें प्रदेश में जनसंख्या तीव्रगति से बढ़ती जा रही है । प्रदेश में जनसंख्या वृध्दि 22.61 प्रतिशत तथा जनसंख्या घनत्व 189 प्रति व्यक्ति वर्ग किलोमीटर है । जनसंख्या में वृध्दि भी 2001 में 2.1 करोड़ थी जो बढ़कर 2011 में 2.55 करोड़ हो गया है वर्तमान में 2024 में जनसंख्या अनुमानित 3.05 करोड़ हो गई है। प्रदेश में लिंगानुपात एक हजार पुरुषो में 991 स्त्री की संख्या है । जनसंख्या के वितरण और घनत्व में भौतिक, आर्थिक, सामाजिक कारको का प्रभाव पड़ा है ।

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छत्तीसगढ में जनसंख्या वृध्दि, घनत्व, छत्तीसगढ जनसंख्या वितरण, कारक,,साक्षरता,आर्थिक विकास

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BIODEGRADATION OF TRACE METALS BY BACTERIA Dr.C.VINOTHINI, ASSISTANT,DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY,PROFESSOR,E.G.S,PILLAY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE,NAGAPPATTINAM.(vinothinic77@gmail.com) Dr.S.RAVIKUMAR, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, ,DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY,J.M.C COLLEGE.TRICHY 1.ABSTRACT ; Heavy metal pollution has drawn increasing attention worldwide owing to a dramatic increase in anthropogenic heavy metals in ecosystems through air, water and soil (Woitke et al., 2003).The aim of this study was to determine the level of pollution indicators, concentrations of physiochemical, heavy metal and microbiological parameters from the certain oil contaminated regions (four sampling sites) of Tiruchirappalli city during one year (four different seasons-- post monsoon, summer, premonsoon and monsoon seasons).The spatial and temporal variations of all parameters (variables) and their interactions between these two things by using different statistical tools was analyzed physiochemical parameters, i.e., pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and salinity were measured by standard methods (APHA, 1998; Vignesh et al., 2014,.The isolated 60 bacterial strains from the study sites were challenged against chromium metal (Potassium chromate) solutions with four different concentrations (10 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm and 250 mm) for metal resistant studies by plate diffusion and tube dilution methods. The identified the selected potential MMR strains by molecular analysis (16s rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction studies) Based on the MMR results, potential strains (multi metal resistant strains) were used for bioremediation studies with dry biomass (Bio sorption) and living biomass studies. The copper removal potential of bacterial strain 1 was higher than bacterial strain 2 and also the same pattern follows in the chromium removal methods. Interestingly, the copper was highly removed by microbes than chromium. The bacterial strain 1 effectively removed the metals from a both field trail and natural (medium + metal solution) samples due to its higher metal tolerance, residual growth rate and efficient metal removal. The present results indicate that both Pseudomonas biomasses may be a suitable material for the removal of copper and chromium ions from the solution. The dry biomass was act as an effective bio sorbent than the living bio sorbents. In both study, bacterial strain 1 was act as an effective bio sorbent than bacterial strain 2. However, several phases of metal-bacteria interactions remain unexplored and further improvement and application are necessary.

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Keywords; Heavy metal,MMR,r-DNA Sequesing,Biosorption,TDS ,Phylogenetic analysis

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Statement Of The Problem A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding antenatal care during first and second trimester among prim gravida mothers rural primary health center B a l e s w a r , O d i s h a .Objectives Of The Study: To assess the pre- test level of knowledge regarding antenatal care during first and second trimester among prim gravid mother. To assess the post-test level of knowledge before and after structured teaching programme among prim gravida mothers. To test the association between post test knowledge score selected background factors among prim gravida mothers. Hypothesis: There will be significant between before and after intervention. There will be significant difference between the post test knowledge score and selected demographic variables among prim gravid mothers. Data Collection Procedure: The research approach used for this study was quantitative approach The research design selected for this study was Quasi experimental design. Antenatal care during first and second trimester who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected by using Convenient sampling technique. The tools used for data collection was Demographic data was collected through self report. After that assessing problems faced by wives by using the interview. Duration for collection of data is 30 mts. Conclusion: Structured teaching program significantly increase the knowledge on selected aspect of antenatal care

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Pregnancy

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Cancer pain is one of the alarming condition that is a big issue of measure concern. The majority of people having cancer experiences pain. The use of opioids in management of the pain has recieved great success. It is important to have proper knowledge about the use of opioids and their attitude of taking the same by the patients so that the patients and their family members can get proper idea about the medicine,it uses and side effects. A descriptive study was conducted to access the knowledge and attitude about use of opioids in pain management among patients attending palliative care unit of selected hospital of kolkata west bengal. Non probability purposive technique was used to collect data from 117 cancer patients attending palliative care unit. Structured knowledge questioner and 5.liker scale is used for measuring the attitude. Measure findings of the study is most of the cancer patients attending palliative care unit were in the age group of 38 to 57 years, male belong to Hindu had education upto primary level. Most numbers of cancer patients attending palliative care unit had rectum cancer, disease was diagnosed within stage 3 were suffering from 1-4 years from the disease. Majority of cancer patients attending palliative care unit were taking opioids less than 6months. Majority of cancer patients attending palliative care unit were only in the medication 17.94 % of patients had good knowledge about use of opioids in pain management and 16.23% of patients had poor knowledge about use of opioids in pain management and 13.67% of patients attending palliative care unit had favourable attitude were as 11.96% of patients attending palliative care unit had unfavourable attitude regarding use of opioids in pain management. the correlation between knowledge score and attitude is weekly positive about use of opioids in pain management. There is significant association between knowledge and demographic characteristics that is i.e, education,years of suffering and duration of Taking opioids.

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Knowledge, attitude,opioids, pain management and palliative care unit

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exp tanaya

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Life Satisfaction, Light Triad, Meaning in Life, Healthcare workers

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Social media is a big part of many teens' lives. A 2018 Pew Research Centre survey of nearly 750 13- to 17-year-olds found that 45% are online almost constantly and 97% use a social media platform, such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram or Snapchat. Social media is a big part of many teens' lives. A 2018 Pew Research Centre survey of nearly 750 13- to 17-year-olds found that 45% are online almost constantly and 97% use a social media platform, such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram or Snapchat. Body image disturbance is associated with several mental disorders. Previous research on body image has focused mostly on women, largely neglecting body image in men. With regard to measurement, body image has often been assessed only in terms of body dissatisfaction, disregarding further aspects such as body appreciation or the importance of appearance. People end up creating unrealistic ideals for themselves based on what they see on social media and they feel distressed when they are not able to match these ideas or expectations. The present study focuses to investigate the possible correlation between social media and body image, self-esteem and social appearance anxiety. 1. Introduction Social media is a big part of many teens' lives. A 2018 Pew Research Centre survey of nearly 750 13- to 17-year-olds found that 45% are online almost constantly and 97% use a social media platform, such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram or Snapchat. Social media is a big part of many teens' lives. Previous research on body image has focused mostly on women, largely neglecting body image in men. With regard to measurement, body image has often been assessed only in terms of body dissatisfaction, disregarding further aspects such as body appreciation or the importance of appearance. People end up creating unrealistic ideals for themselves based on what they see on social media and they feel distressed when they are not able to match these ideas or expectations. The present study focuses to investigate the possible correlation between social media and body image, self-esteem and social appearance anxiety. 2. Abstract AIM: Effect of social media on body image, self-esteem and social appearance anxiety among young adults. Method: In this study 200 participants aged between 16 and 25 provided written consent after being informed about the study's purpose and design. The researchers collected sociodemographic and clinical data using a specifically designed Performa and administered questionnaires, including the body image questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem assessment, and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), to the participants. The data collected were analyzed using statistical methods, and the study utilized an observational cross-sectional research design. Result: The study revealed that the correlation between body image and self-esteem is statistically not significant (r= - 0.064), the correlation between body image and social appearance anxiety is statistically significant (r= -0.403) and correlation between self-esteem and social appearance anxiety is statistically not significant (r= 0.1196). Conclusion: The findings suggests that the individuals who have a positive body image have less social appearance anxiety. It is possible that treating negative body image may reduce social appearance anxiety symptoms.

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Keywords: Social Media, Body Image, Social Appearance Anxiety, Self Esteem

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Osteoarthritis is the most common form of joint disease and the knee is one of the most commonly affected joints. Nanosphere is one of multiparticulate drug delivery system and prepared to obtained prolonged, controlled drug delivery to improved bioavaibility or stability and to target drug to specific site. Which enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drug. Once such approach is using nanosphere as carrier for durg ,the target site drug deliver with specificity and controlled way in to the targeted site of body without any untoward effect. Drug can be targeted to specific site in body using nanosphere .The degree of targeting can be achived by localization of drug to a specific area in body(for example heart, lung etc.) to a particular group of cell(for example tumer cell. The nanosphere are used in targeted drug delivery system we will improved the specificity of drug and reduce adverse effect, side effect ,toxic effect of drug and enhance the potency of drug such as chemotherapeutic agent and various cyto-toxic drug etc

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:- Osteoarthritis , Diacerein, vitamin D3(cholecalciferol), Nanosphere,Evaluation of Nanospheres.

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Purpose The aim of the study is to find the difference between Scapular Muscle strengthening and Combined Core and Shoulder exercises in Quantifying Acromiohumeral distance (AHD) in overhead athletes with Scapular Dyskinesia. Method 80 athletes diagnosed with scapular dyskinesia, meeting the predefined criteria were included in the sample. The subjects were randomly assigned into 2 experimental groups. Group A received scapular muscle strengthening for 4 weeks (4 days per week) and Group B received cyhnore muscle strengthening and shoulder exercises. AHD readings (USG scans) were taken at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention by an assessor blinded to an treatment allocation of the patients. Results The mean difference of pre and post AHD at 00, 450, and 600 was significant within group A and group B. On comparison between post intervention values of AHD using Un paired t-test, more significant difference was found in group B (p< 0.0001) when compared with group A . Conclusion The results indicate that both group A and group B increases AHD. But when compared between both groups, group B shows more significant improvement than group A in increasing AHD.

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Scapular dyskinesia, Acromiohumeral distance (AHD).

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Kerala has experienced discrimination and segregation based on factors such as caste, race, ethnicity, or social status making it crucial to recognize and dismantle these harmful practices to foster a truly inclusive and equitable society in Kerala. Bound by threads of oppression, the Nadar community rose against the cruel tapestry of caste hierarchy. The famous "breast cloth agitation," a scarlet stain upon their dignity, fuelled their fight for freedom. Women, their bodies the battleground, unfurled the banner of resistance, their voices weaving a symphony of dissent against immobility and injustice. This potent chorus of liberation echoed across Kerala, unfurling a tide of reform that threatened to unravel the very fabric of social inequity. However, it also acknowledges that over time, there have been significant efforts to dismantle or reform these systems. The title clearly outlines the chronological progression of events, starting with the Nadars and Channar Lahala. In the annals of Kerala's social history, the Channar Lahala stand as a pioneering moment, marking a watershed in the struggle for equality and the dismantling of oppressive social norms. The revolt that Nadar Christians initiated from 1822 to 1859, marked a symbolic act of defiance against the oppressive practice of upper caste monopolizing the right to wear upper cloth. Restive and unwilling to endure their plight silently, the resolute Nadar caste of Travancore took proactive measures by initiating a tranquil conversion movement to Christianity, strategically signalling their discontent with the high castes. The Channar riot encapsulated a vehement fight for the fundamental right of women to don clothing. The Channar Lahala uprising, a pivotal movement in Kerala's social history, significantly challenged the entrenched caste system and paved the way for the advancement of women's rights. Examining this narrative, the discourse scrutinizes the crucial role played by Christianity, the formidable leadership of women, and the profound repercussions stemming from this historic uprising.

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travancore, channarlahala, Christian missionaries, nadar,janmi-kudiyan, kuppayam(jacket), Melmundu,(upper cloth) Vedamanikam, ringeltaube william tobias, robert caldwell, vaikunda swamy, rev charles mead, samuel mateer, catechist

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MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) is emerged as a crucial step in the direction of providing employment and eradicating poverty to the large extent. The legislation is designed in such a way that it has encompassed almost rural society to cater the wider needs of employment and rural development. There is a special provision of women employment which shows gender sensitivity. The employment of rural women in MGNREGA is also subject to various socio-cultural aspects. The paper aims at knowing the views of stakeholders towards MGNREGA and its impact on rural poor women in Haryana.

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MGNREGA, women employment, Stakeholders, Rural development

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Social media platforms have become a popular tool for fast food branding. Instagram has gained popularity in recent years, with brands using the platform to promote their products and engage with consumers. This research paper aims to investigate the impact of Instagram on fast food branding in India, with a specific focus on the perceptions and behaviours of 18 to 25-year-olds. A questionnaire-based survey was distributed with 200 respondents, in which there were 160 respondents. The results suggest that Instagram has a significant impact on fast food branding in India, with young adult or emerging adult consumers that is 18 to 25-year-olds being particularly influenced by social media marketing campaigns. Results show that Instagram has a significant impact on fast food branding in India, with consumers perceiving brands on Instagram as more visually appealing and trendy. Moreover, the study found that consumers engage with fast food brands on Instagram to gain information about products, to feel connected to the brand, and to engage in brand-related activities. The research concludes by providing insights for fast food brands on how fast-food brand's presence in Instagram increase brand awareness, engagement, and loyalty among the target demographic.

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Instagram, Fast Food Branding, Consumer Perceptions, Consumer Behaviours, Social Media Marketing, Young Adult Consumers.

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In Ayurveda, Pandu roga is a considered as a specific disease with its own Specific Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Samporapati and Chikitsa. Thus an attempt has been made to study the disease Pandu roga according to Ayurvedic text. Pandu, is a disease characterized by pallor of body which strikingly resembles with 'Anaemia' of modern science, disease to reduction in number of RBCs per cu mm of Blood and quantity of Hb% resulting in pallor like other symptoms. The need for the discussion of Pandu roga becomes important due to the gravity of the problem. It is the commonest nutritional disorder all over the world and forms a major problem of mankind especially in a country like India due to low socio economic status, illiteracy and malnutrition in a major part of the population. It affects the physical and mental health of children, affects school performance and increases susceptibility to various infections. Further infants born to anaemic mothers have low Iron reserves and fall prey to Anaemia later in life with its adverse consequences. The word Anaemia in Greek means a lack of blood. Actually it is a Deficiency of haemoglobin and there are various grades of this deficiency. Anaemia is the most common and widespread nutritional disorder in the world. As well as affecting a large number of children and women in developing countries. It is the only nutrient deficiency which is also significantly prevalent in industrialized countries. The number are staggering 2 billion people - over 30% of the world's population are Anaemic may due to iron - deficiency and in resource poor areas. Anaemia can result from a large number of causes, including nutritional Deficiencies, acute or slow loss of blood due to trauma or diseases, destruction of red blood cells due to various metabolic and immunological abnormalities or toxins, disease of the bone marrow, general systemic diseases like infections and various varieties of cancers, kidney failure because kidney produces an important hormone, erythropoietin, which is required to stimulate the bone marrow to produce red blood cells and finally there may be genetic abnormalities in the formation of the haemoglobin molecules itself. The best known examples of these abnormalities are Thalassemia and sickle cell disease. In this write-up we will mainly concern ourselves with the nutritional aspect of Anaemia because that is where public awareness can help in the prevention and treatment of this disease. A survey in Asia by World Health Organization showed that approximately 10% of men, more than 20% women (more than 40% during pregnancy); more than 50% of children of all ages and 92% of children below the age of two years suffer from Anaemia. In India 20-40% of the population, equally of all ages and either sexes have been suffering from Iron deficiency and nutritional anaemia. For its diffuse global spread IDA is recognized as a world health problem.

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pandu. anemia , ayurveda

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This paper gives o Definition of Portfolio and Portfolio Management. o Objectives and functions of Portfolio Management. o Risk and Return Relationship and its application in Mutual Fund's Security Market. o Professionally Portfolio Management by Portfolio Manager. o Measurement of diversification of risk. o This paper also consider same issues related to Portfolio Management. o Investment Portfolio Management. o Portfolio Risk o Selecting optimal Portfolio o Establish / build a Profitable Portfolio.

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"PORT FOLIO MANAGEMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN MUTUAL FUND'S SECURITY MARKET"

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Body mass index is commonly used as a standard to classify overweight, underweight, and obese individuals. Higher BMI has been found associated with several medical conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductory, depression etc. Aim: The study aimed to assess the overall health status of students and faculty of the Centre of Excellence - Tourism & Hospitality through BMI assessment. Methodology: A consent form was prepared, which included questions about personal details such as name, age, height, weight, BMI grade, diet and amount of exercise they do in a day, blood pressure, and blood sugar measurements. A combination of qualitative and quantitative assessments was conducted. Result: In our study, we observe that the faculty participants have higher percentage of overweight in comparison to students. Food production students displayed the highest 54% abnormal BMI[both underweight and overweight] grades while the students from the fitness and wellness had very good overall health status.

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BMI, Centre of Excellence, Physical activity

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BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common medical disorder and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Yogic practices which include pranayama are known to affect the cardiopulmonary functions. Chandra anuloma viloma pranayama refers to unilateral left nostril breathing which corresponds to the parasympathetic arousal. The present study was conducted to compare the immediate effect of chandra anuloma viloma pranayama in hypertensive and normotensive individuals on cardiopulmonary functions. AIM:To compare the immediate effect of Chandra anuloma viloma pranayama in hypertensive and normotensive individuals on cardiopulmonary functions. OBJECTIVES:To study the effect of Chandra anuloma viloma (CAV) pranayama on cardio-pulmonary functions like blood pressure, oxygen saturation and pulse rate in hypertensive and normotensive individuals. MATERIALS &METHODS:In this two group pre-post study, 32 participants were selected from 2 hospitals such as arogyadhama (Svyasa University) and Sparsha naturopathy hospital. They were assigned into two groups (hypertensive, n=16) & (normotensive, n=16) based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: The pre-post data within each group showed significant difference in hypertensive group. In normotensive group significant changes are noted, but less significant than hypertensive group. CONCLUSION:The results of this study suggest that CAV is an effective measure to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. Further, it is observed that there are less significant changes in cardiovascular parameters of normotensive individuals thereby implying that it brings a state of balance or homeostasis. Hence, CAV could potentially be used as an adjuvant therapy in hypertensive individuals.

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Hypertension, pranayama, blood pressure, CAV.

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The COVID-19 is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is emerged in, China and spread over globe. Genomic analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 is phylogenetically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) bat viruses; therefore bats could be the possible primary reservoir. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. There is no clinically approved antiviral treatment available to be used against COVID-19. However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. This review, summarize and analyze the emergence and pathogenecity of COVID-19 infection and previous human corona viruses (SARS-CoV) and (MERS-CoV). We also discuss the post COVID complications, co morbidity and COVID-19 and approaches for developing effective vaccines and therapeutic combinations to cope with this viral outbreak.

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. COVID 19, SARS, ARDS , CoVZXC21

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Background: Fasting, or the voluntary restriction of solid food consumption, has been practiced widely by different cultures and religions and used in clinical treatments for a variety of reasons.This study aims at assessing the effect of fasting on stress, quality of life & sleep pattern among healthy college students. Materials & methods: 30 healthy individuals were randomly selected. Fasting was given as intervention for 8 days with 2 days (1st and 8th day) of boiled diet to assess the sleep pattern, level of stress and quality of life using PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), PSQ (Perceived Stress Questionnaire) and SF-36 (Short Form Survey) respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by paired t-test using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version-26. Results: Based on statistical analysis, p value of sleep variable is 0.001, p value of pain is 0.01, p value of general health variable is 0.054, p value of emotional wellbeing variable is 0.003 and p value of energy variable is 0.001 which indicates that there is significant improvement in quality of sleep, pain levels, general health and emotional wellbeing of the subjects. Conclusion: It was observed that there was improvement in the quality of sleep and general health and reduction in pain and fatigue.

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fasting, sleep pattern, stress, quality of life.

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The present article examines the Relationship between Biodiversity Awareness and Environement Conservation Commitment among Seocndary School Students of Kozhikode District of Kerala state. The survey mmehtod was used for the study.The study was conducted on a representative sample of 500 Secondary School Students. Stratified random sampling technique was used to collect the data from he Secondary school Students. Preliminary analysis, Test of significance of difference between mean scores and Karl Pearson's Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation(r) was used for statistical analysis of data. The tools used for the persent study are Biodiversity Awareness Test and Environmental Conservation Commitment Scale. The study will help to find out the Biodiversity Awareness and Environmental Conservation Commitment among secondary school students of Kozhikode district. The study reveals that there exists significant relation between Biodiversity Awareness and Environmental Conservation Commitment. The correlation obtained for the total samples and relevant subsamples revealed that there exists Moderate positive correlation between Biodiversity Awareness and Environmental Conservation Commitment among Secondary School Students. The study recommends that 'Environmental day' should be celebrated all over the India for strengthening awareness program among school children. It is also recommended that Teacher Training Institutes should include Environmental issues in their curriculum to inculcate the Biodiversity Awareness and Environmental Conservation Commitment among Secondary School Students of Kerala State.

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Biodiversity Awareness, Environmental Conservation Commitment, Secondary School Students

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Aim- 1) To asses carotid artery intima media thickness and associated resistive index un hypertensive patients using hugh frequency ultrasound and color doppler 2)To compare the findings in Hyoertensive subjects with Normotensive subjects Method- cross sectional study of 50 patients conducted in department of radiology at Shadan institute of medical sceinces with clinically diagnosed hypertenion.Normotensives were students,patients relatives and staff

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Intima media thickness and Resistive index

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Extracurricular writing activities can significantly improve students' writing proficiency. This study investigated the impact of extracurricular writing activities on the writing skills of English department Students at Samtah Applied College. The study focused on various activities such as the student newspaper, literary magazines, writing workshops, debate clubs, and research projects. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect data on students' participation in extracurricular writing activities, the impact of such activities on their writing skills, and the challenges that students faced while participating in these activities. The findings of this study indicate that students who participated in extracurricular writing activities demonstrated notable improvements in their skills, such as grammar, vocabulary, organization, style, and audience awareness. However, the study also revealed that students face challenges participating in these activities, including lack of time, access to activities, and support from instructors and mentors. Therefore, policymakers and educators should encourage and support extracurricular writing activities by providing a variety of options, partnering with community organizations, delivering support to students, and providing more flexible and convenient activities. This study is also focused on the using of extracurricular writing activities can positively impact students' writing proficiency, which can benefit to them throughout their academic and professional careers. The study came up with preliminary study, a number of findings, recommendation, and offered some suggestions based on the solutions.

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Unveiling the Hidden Potential of Extracurricular Engagement: A Comprehensive Analysis of its Impact on Bachelor Students' Writing Proficiency ( Samtah College- Jazan University)

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It draws on a variety of sources, including literature, media, and historical records, to provide a comprehensive overview of how language has been used as a tool for resisting male chauvinism and how this has evolved. The primary research question is "What is the trajectory of feminist language innovation in response to male chauvinism?" The feminist movement has a rich history of collective activism, which has given rise to various reform movements, including the French Revolution, the Temperance Movement, and the Abolitionist Movement. Feminist language innovation has played a significant role in shaping social norms and creating spaces for resistance. For instance, the term "Ms." challenged the traditional belief that a woman's identity was tied to her maritalstatus. However, the term "feminist" remains a controversial term for many people. While some view it as empowering and inspiring, others see it as synonymous with criticism and judgment. This study examines the literature on feminist language innovation and its trajectory in response to male chauvinism. One of the main arguments is that feminist language innovations can challenge and transform gendered language use, such as replacing male-centric language with gender-neutral terms. Feminist linguistics scholars argue that language reinforces gender roles and stereotypes, and women can challenge and change the gendered language through conscious language use. Additionally, feminist language innovations can be a powerful tool for challenging power imbalances and promoting social change. This study concludes that feminist language x innovation can be a valuable tool for creating and promoting feminist praxis and resistance against oppressive power structures.

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Feminist language innovation, Male chauvinism, Gendered language, Inclusive language, Gender roles, Gender stereotypes, Language change, Resistance to language change, Gender-neutral pronouns, Subordinate position of women, non-gendered job title.

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Pamagat : AGARANG PAGWAWASTO: HAMONG NARARANASAN NG MGA GURONG FILIPINO SA PAGGAMIT NG MAG-AARAL SA WIKANG KOLOKYAL AT BALBAL NA SALITA SA BAGONG KADAWYAN May-akda : MARIE CRIS M. GARCIA Degree : Dalubhasa ng Sining sa Edukasyon Medyor Sa Filipino Paaralan : Laguna College of Business and Arts Taong Panuruan : 2022-2023 Tagapayo : Vivien E. Untalan, LPT, PhD Susing Salita : Kolokyal at Balbal sa Salita Hamong Nararanasan ng mga Guro, Bagong Kadawyan Ang pag-aaral na ito ay naglalayong suriin ang penomonolohikal na karanasan ng mag-aaral kaugnay sa agarang pagwawasto sa balbal at kolokyal na salita na kanilang ginagamit sa loob ng paaralan. Layunin nito na maunawaan ang mga saloobin, motibasyon, at konteksto sa likod ng paggamit ng mga salitang ito, pati na rin ang mga paraan kung paano ito natutugunan ng mga guro at iba pang stakeholders sa edukasyon. Sa pamamagitan ng penomonolohikal na pag-aaral, inilalantad ng pananaliksik ang personal na karanasan at perspektiba ng mag-aaral na direkta at aktibong gumagamit ng balbal at kolokyal na salita. Sa proseso nito, isinagawa ang mga interbyu at focus group discussions upang masuri ang mga saloobin, karanasan, at pananaw ng mga indibidwal na sangkot sa pag-aaral. Ang mga natuklasan ng pag-aaral na ito, mahirap na pakikipagkomunikasyon at pakikitungo sa kapwa mag-aaral; interbyu; mga aktibidad at background check; tungkol sa paksang tinatalakay at kanya-kanyang buhay pamilya at pag-ibig; kapag nahihirapan sa oras ng klase at nakakagawa ng kamalian; mga sitwasyong bahagi ng kanilang pag-aaral; agarang pagwawasto ng mali sa iba't ibang paraan; itinatama ang mga mali sa iba't ibang paraan; positibo at negatibong reaksyon; pagbibigay ng disclaimer; pagtanggap, at pagpapaliwanag; iba't ibang paraan sa pagbibigay-puna; debate; pagbibiruan, at pagbibigay-karanasan; napapanahong paglalahad ng mga puna. Nakita ng pananaliksik na ang paggamit ng mga salitang ito ay may kaugnayan sa mga personal na karanasan, sosyal na konteksto, at pangangailangan ng mag-aaral na maihayag ang kanilang pagkakakilanlan at pangkatang pagpapahalaga. Higit sa lahat, nais ng pananaliksik na ito na magbigay ng mga rekomendasyon upang matugunan ang agarang pagwawasto ng balbal at kolokyal na salita. Kasama sa mga mungkahi ang pagpapalakas ng kamalayan sa kahalagahan ng paggamit ng tama at malinis na wika, pagsasagawa ng mga pagsasanay at aktibidad na naglalayong magpatibay ng wastong paggamit ng wika, at pagsasama ng pamilya at iba pang komunidad bilang mga katuwang sa paglinang ng kasanayan sa wika mag-aaral.

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Kolokyal at Balbal sa Salita Hamong Nararanasan ng mga Guro, Bagong Kadawyan

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Covid-19 has totally shattered the world economic conditions, whether developed, developing or underdeveloped countries has been the victims of this corona virus, suffered tremendously. Many nations depend on their economy mainly on industrial sector whether it is large scale, medium scale, small scale or even micro. According to the World Trade Organization (WTO, 2016) SME's represent over 90 per cent of the business population, 60-70% of employment and 55% of GDP in developed economies. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) estimates those 65 million firms, or 40% of formal micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in developing countries. This results shows the significance of SME's in economic development of a country. After COVID -19 drastic changes occurred i.e., lot of fluctuations in economic conditions of several countries. Many countries suffered with greater economic crisis due to this pandemic covid-19 and effected GDP growth. From large to small industries grieved with this situation as lock down persisted for long period of timeand the companies were to shut down for almost 6 months to one year. Most of the small scale and micro industries were completely closed due to long halt in production or service during that time. To overcome this situation many governments made new amendments and policies in favor of industries for its recovery and growth again. India is among the countries have changed policies regarding industrial development to encourage SME's. Government of India withstanding to SME's financially announced moratorium opportunity even for the SME's because SME's employ around 40% of India's workforce. Around 1.3 million SME's contribute 45% to India's manufacturing output and 40% of India's total export. There are around 6000 products manufactured by 31.7% MSME's while the remaining 68.2% are engaged in providing various services. The Study was done for the women entrepreneurs in MSME's as respondents in 26 districts of Andhra Pradesh. Based on the issues and challenges faced by the women entrepreneurs with analysis of the data and the study would advise to the Government of Andhra Pradesh on how to improve MSME's economically by supporting them with policy decisions and developing strategies, this study was also gave scope for the researchers who are focusing on SME's and women entrepreneurs. The study was also gave the scope to woman entrepreneurs about innovative thinking about their companies' products or services and most of these SME's have almost shut down due to pandemic in Andhra Pradesh as well as in other states in India. This study provides strategies and also helps in forecasting the probable situations and developing innovative practices in production of goods or services with sustainability

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Innovative practices, SME's, Economic Development, Women Entrepreneurs, Andhra Pradesh, Post Covid, issues and challenges

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Amendments to the Constitution are deeds or other activities that will enable such changes. More specifically, these deeds and activities will remove all or parts of the rules and substitute new legislation. These adjustments are necessary in order to breathe new life into the texts and strengthen democracy. Constitutions need to amend over time to fix parts that don't work or aren't good enough, to meet new needs or changing public demands, and to reflect how people think about their rights. A living constitution would often change on its own, as new political norms emerge or as the courts interpret it. But there is also a need for constitutional amendments, which are formal ways to change the words in a constitutional text. So, almost all modern constitutions have rules about how and when formal changes to the constitution can be made. Most constitutions say that amendments can't be made unless they go through a special process that is stricter than what is needed for regular laws. Special procedures include things like requiring a supermajority in the legislature or direct approval from the voters in a referendum, or even a mix of two or more different special procedures. In some places, the people themselves can start a process that leads to a referendum on changing the constitution. Constitutional amendment brings up a lot of complicated legal questions about how it can help protect constitutional democracy. Those questions will be answered differently depending on whatever interpretation of the Constitution you use.

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Amendment, Constitution, Provisions, Democracy and Legislature.

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Employee Engagement has always been the red-hot topic in each and every mouth of the employee who is working for any organization. Many organizations have not been able to retain the workforce successfully due to poor employee engagement and not to able to study the role of employee engagement properly. Employee Engagement is a diversified concept which stretches to all the business functions and horizons. This study focusses on the role of employee engagement in a business organization educating all the fellows, students, working professionals to know the importance of employee engagement and utilizing it in the best manner to achieve organizational objectives and enhancing the other parameters. Employee Engagement has always been the red-hot topic in each and every mouth of the employee who is working for any organization. Many organizations have not been able to retain the workforce successfully due to poor employee engagement and not to able to study the role of employee engagement properly. Employee Engagement is a diversified concept which stretches to all the business functions and horizons. This study focusses on the role of employee engagement in a business organization educating all the fellows, students, working professionals to know the importance of employee engagement and utilizing it in the best manner to achieve organizational objectives and enhancing the other parameters.

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Keywords: Employee Engagement ,Job, Compensation, HRM,HRD, Experience, Job Satisfaction,Development,Training,Up-skilling.

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The act of doping in sports refers to the violation of any guidelines against doping set forth by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). This can encompass the use of illegal or unauthorized substances to enhance performance, or engaging in other illicit practices. Scientific research has demonstrated that doping can have severe negative effects on health, such as elevated blood pressure, increased instances of cardiovascular diseases, liver damage, and psychological addiction. Furthermore, it diminishes the integrity, reputation, and value of sports. Additionally, it has been associated with premature deaths in mainstream sports. Consequently, addressing the global issue of doping in sports has become a significant priority. Health authorities are increasingly recognizing this problem, leading to the development of various new methods and guidelines to combat doping. Many literature reviews and editorials addressing this issue have been publicly released. However, a large portion of these publications focus specifically on advances in anti-doping analytical methods related to specific categories of drugs. Advancements in the field of analytical chemistry are crucial for anti-doping research. Therefore, a variety of experimental approaches and techniques based on analytical methods such as mass spectrometry and gas chromatography are routinely used to detect doping in athletes. This review aims to comprehensively and critically evaluate academic research related to significant advancements in anti-doping analytical methods made over the past decade. It also provides a broader perspective on different classes and subclasses of prohibited drugs and substances, outlining their chemical, structural, biological, and analytical characteristics. This information is presented in accordance with the official guidelines provided by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).

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Doping, Forensic Science, WADA, Drug Analysis

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The occurrence of gemminerals is a rare phenomenon and in the same way the geological information, geophysical and geochemical information are also very rare. Visakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh state in India, located in parts of Eastern Ghats comprising valuable mineral resources especially gemminerals. The precious and semi-precious stones of Alexandrite, Chrysoberyl, Chrysoberylcat's eye, Garnets, Tourmaline, Sillimanite and a variety of quartz group are known to occur in this region. The gemstones are very much engulfed within the pegmatite both in primary and secondary stages. The geological studies on exploration, mining and environmental planning have shown very promising results, where the gem mineral resources were estimated to a depth of 15 mts. from the surface. Geoelectrical resistivity surveys have been utilized and the results are favorable and correlated with the surface geological features. The geo-chemical investigation carried out for the hostrocks and the associated gem-variety stones and analyzed for their major and minor elemental concentrations. Geochemical analysis of the petrological members of gem bearing tracts of the region was carried out by ICP-MS and elemental concentrations were determined. A few of the samples were processed for XRD analysis. The following important points are noted in (i) Invaluable gem minerals are found in association with the Khondalite suite of rocks, as per their geochemical evaluation. (ii) The secondary pegmatitic body indicated all the mineralogical characteristics of the primary pegmaties in a deeply altered stage (iii) The colluvium forms as the target of explanation for the gem minerals in this region. (iv) The study shows that the element fluorine is endangerous to the local rural people, which may result fluorosis in parts of the this region.

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gem tracts, pegmatites, colluvium

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Providing care and comfort to the child is most important responsibility. The need for accuracy in providing comfort to children is greater than that of an adult. As this has become quite a norm, many of them are neither as aware nor as concerned as they should be of the ill effects of this practice on their health. At a certain point, they are bound to complaint about extreme pain on their backs, shoulders, and neck muscles because of slouching or straining for long period of time. Major findings of the study: According to age of the school children of selected school, 60% of them were from age group 9-11 years and 40% from the 12-14 years of age. 56.67% of school children were male child and 43.33% were female child. None of them were from urban area and all 100% were from the rural area 58.33% of the school children of selected school answered yes and 58.33% of them answered no to the question do you have neck pain.to the question do you have knowledge regarding exercises for neck pain, 5% ofthe school children of selected school answered yes and 95.00% of them answered no. As per the source of knowledge 100% answered that the source of knowledge was relatives. At the time of pre-test, assessment of the practice regarding exercises to supportspine and prevent neck pain among school children of selected school, all 100% of school children got the remark try harder. Average practice score at the time of pre-test was 11.81 with standard deviationof 1.09. The minimum score of practice was 10 with maximum score of 15. At the time of post-test, assessment of the practice regarding exercises to support spine and prevent neck pain among school children of selected school, 75% of school children were in the group doing great and 25% of them were in the winner group. Average practice score at the time of pre-test was 34.90 with standard deviationof 0.87. The minimum score of practice was 32 with maximum score of 36. At the time of pre-test, assessment of the practice regarding exercises to support spine and prevent neck pain among school children of selected school, all 100% of school children got the remark try harder. Average practice score at the time of pre-test was 11.81 with standard deviationof 1.09. The minimum score of practice was 10 with maximum score of 15.At the time of post-test, assessment of the practice regarding exercises to support spine and prevent neck pain among school children of selected school, 75% of school children were in the group doing great and 25% of them were in the winner group. Average practice score at the time of pre-test was 34.90 with standard deviationof 0.87. The minimum score of practice was 32 with maximum score of 36. The comparisons of the pre-test and post-test means of the practice were done by the paired t test. The pre-test average score was 11.81 with standard deviation of 1.09. The post-test average score was 34.90 with standard deviation of 0.87. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 130.6 with p value 0.00.The p value less than 0.05, hence null hypothesisisrejected. That meansthere is significant difference in pre and post-test practice. Conclusion: From the study finding it is concluded that video assisted teaching on practice regarding exercises to support spine and prevent neck pain among school children of selected school was effective. However, the effect of exercises to support spine and prevent neck pain need to be explored further. Key words: effectiveness, video assisted teaching, practice, exercise, prevent, pain, school children

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effectiveness, video assisted teaching, practice, exercise, prevent, pain, school children

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Because of moral issues and the heterogeneous pediatric population, the development of drugs for children has been disregarded during the twentieth century. There aren't many drugs designed and tested specifically for children, with 43% of centrally authorized pharmaceuticals having pediatric potential but not being approved. To provide age-appropriate pharmaceuticals, evidence-based information is necessary, as are factors such as tailored doses, acceptable bioavailability, non-toxic excipients, uncomplicated administration, and a dependable production technique at a fair price. Pediatric patients require particular oral medicine delivery procedures, as well as compounding and modification. Oral liquid formulations are critical for administering medications to children, ranging from babies to teens. 90% of doctors believe that drug taste and palatability are the most significant treatment barriers, making flavor masking the primary strategy. Children with cystic fibrosis and asthma are given pulmonary formulations, whereas those with systemic and local illnesses are given rectal formulations. Nasal formulations are chosen for their convenience and rapid start, although there is no definitive data on how well children take capsules over tablets. A new regulatory framework has been developed to encourage the development of medications, particularly those designed for children. The current compensation schemes, however, cannot support the development of non-patent medications. To accelerate pediatric pharmaceutical development, companies should identify gaps, increase transparency, improve PIP applications, and resolve ethical problems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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: Pediatrics, formulations, excipients

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Electronic waste or E-waste comprises old, end-of-life electronic appliances such as computers, laptops, TVs, DVD players, refrigerators, freezers, mobile phones, MP3 players, etc., disposed of by their original users. the categories of E-waste materials, major pollutants including ferrous/non-ferrous metals, plastics, glass, printed circuit boards, cement, ceramic, and rubber side, and some valuable metals (such as Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Cd, Cr, Al, Li, Hg, Ni, etc.) Toxic elements from E-waste materials, released in the air, water, and soil, including As, Cd, Cr, Cd, Hg, and Pb, cause pollution. It contains many hazardous constituents that may negatively impact the environment and affect human health if not properly managed. Various organizations, bodies, and governments of many countries have adopted and developed environmentally sound options and strategies for E-waste management to tackle the ever-growing threat of E-waste to the environment and human health. This paper presents E-waste composition, categorization, Global and Indian E-waste scenarios, prospects of recoverable, recyclable, and hazardous materials found in the E-waste, Best Available Practices, recycling, and recovery processes followed, and their environmental and occupational hazards. Based on the discussion, various challenges for E-waste management particularly in India are delineated, and needed policy interventions were discussed.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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E-waste, Heavy Metals, Global Environment, Human Health, Global Economy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT In current, there was several mind models developed as cognitive architectures and their main focus is to explain mind functions. However, few architectures explain the neural basis of the mind. Also in neuroscience explain the neural basis of the brain and is directly related to the mind. The study objective was to identify a mind model with a neural basis established in the model. Therefore the study uses a systematic review of existing literature to find a mental model with a neural basis. For that study use articles within databases of PUBMED and Google scholar. Only English-language articles were selected, but no year restriction was applied. Previous literature about cognitive science, mind models, fundamentals of neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, visual and auditory neuroscience was considered for the study. The data was critically appraised by independent two reviewers to eliminate the risk of bias. Then articles characterized motivations, major assumptions, relationships to neurobiology, modules, working memory, long-term memory, goals, learning, standard cognitive cycle, and model creation. Then best-described mind functions and neural structures synthesis to identify neural circuits assembled mind model. International module, declarative module, visual module, manual module, goal buffer, retrieval buffer, visual buffer, manual buffer, a procedural module with matching, selection, and execution identified as main functions in mind model. Temporal/Hippocampus, VLPFC, aPFC, DLPFC, occipital, parietal cortex, cerebellum, motor cortex, basal ganglia, striatum, pallidum, and thalamus was the associative neural areas of the brain. This explained sensory inputs to brain structures of the frontal cortex, hippocampus & septum, sensory cortex, thalamus, amygdala, midbrain & hypothalamus, hindbrain, and spinal cord. Also reveal the interaction of brain structures of the sensory cortex, hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and working memory of mPFC and dIPFC. In the mind model, the main inputs are taken from the posterior cortex. Then active maintenance is done by the frontal cortex; episodic memory provides by the hippocampus; action selection is done by basal ganglia. This reveals the mind model with neurological circuit assemblies to it. The final model will limit to features of only available cognitive architectures of PUBMED and Google databases in English.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Mind Model, Cognitive Science,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Drug trafficking poses a severe threat to national security because drug traffickers are responsible for the illegal movement of drugs, weapons, and money across international borders, which undermines peace and security in countries worldwide (United Nations Office of Drug and Crime, 2017). Drug trafficking is an essential funding source for criminal organisations and terrorist groups. These groups use the proceeds of drug trafficking to fund their operations, which can undermine the law and weaken national security (Ohuabunwa, 2019). In addition, violence related to drug trafficking has had a destabilising effect on national security and led to the disruption of public peace (UNODC, 2019).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract In the worldwide fight against money laundering and terrorism funding, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) serves as a lynchpin. The intricate world of financial regulation is explored in this essay, with a major emphasis on the FATF's crucial function and the ripple effects it has on the global financial industry. We examine the FATF's historical beginnings, its primary regulatory structure, the complexities of its membership and governance, and the useful ramifications of its recommendations on financial firms. Along with case examples and difficulties encountered, the paper also analyzes the FATF's critical role in preventing money laundering and terrorism funding. We look at how the FATF is changing to meet new concerns in the digital sphere in an era of accelerating digitalization. It's not all acclaim for this global watchdog, though; concerns about its effectiveness and possible overregulation are also looked at. In the conclusion, the paper presents a complete picture of the FATF, its previous successes, current initiatives, and prospective directions it may go in the constantly changing world of financial regulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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(Financial Action Task Force(FATF), Money Laundering, Counter-Terrorist Financing (CFT), Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, Data Sharing, Law etc.)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Tobacco, Nicotine, Addiction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial Intelligence, Employee engagement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition